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Sanction
Order : F.No.11-264/CICT/2012-2013/Research Projects -43
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Translations of Sangam Tamil classics in other
languages
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LIBRARIES ARE ESSTENTIALS FOR RESEARCH
Libraries
are treasure troves of knowledge.
But care that is taken towards buildings and money that flows
towards architecture related projects must be diverted to knowledge based
projects and preservation of rare manuscripts”
N.Nandhivarman
in New Indian Express week end colume on October 9 of 2004 writing about
Romain Rolland Library :177 year old treasure trove.
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1. Bibliotheca bibliothecarum
means
Library of Libraries, otherwise known as Vatican Library. Director of this
Library is Dr.Paolo Vian . The library is situated in Vatican city. The address
:
Vatican
Apostolic Library, Vatican City.
I have
enrolled myself as member of this library and my code is: Codice web:19012.
Manuscript
section of this library has 80,000 volumes and archival collections run into
75,000 volumes. There is separate section for Indian Records. I am in contact
with Christian Father’s there and in India through whom I am trying to locate
translations of Sangam Classics in European languages. If necessary after
shortlisting the materials collected from here, I may visit there if necessary
to get old manuscripts.
2. Online Digital Library of the Transcripts of IFP:
The
French Government managed French Institute of Pondicherry which is publishing
old Tamil classics here in Pondicherry is situated at: 11, Saint Louis Street,
Post Box: 33: Pondicherry 605001. In Online I had become a member-user and
frequently I am consulting this library for accomplishing the research of the
title given to me.
3. British Library – India Office Library
The
British Library is situated at 96, Euston Road, London, Greater London NWI2DB, and
UK. It contains 56 million items, 13 million books, journals, newspapers, maps,
scores etc.37 million journal articles, e-books, and hundreds of databases,
source archive items, web archive links, over 400 research data sets are here.
An
appeal to all over the world wherever Tamils live was made through internet,
and Maravanpulavu Satchithanandam of Kanthalagam Publications who placed my
personal appeal to him for the view of Tamil speaking world, created instant
support base. I got calls and contacts by persons who are working in the
British Library, and they are searching on my behalf in London. Some friends
there had offered me accommodation and food during my stay there to search in
this library.
On
Monday-Wednesday-Friday the Library functions from 9.30 AM to 6 P.M.
On
Tuesday the Library functions from 9.30 A.M to 8 P.M
On
Saturday the timing is 9.30 A.M to 5 P.M.
On
Sunday the library functions from 11 A.M to 5 P.M.
After
shortlisting all available information and carefully planning the days of my
stay, since without sponsors or friends helping me, I cannot perform this, I am
chalking out my trip.
4. Historical Society Library
In Pondicherry almost a century before today,
Historical Society was founded on 1st May 1911.
Then French Governor of Pondicherry Mr. Alfred Martineau, who was a scholarly
politician founded the society then known in French as La Societe de L’
Histoire de L’ Inde Francaise. It functioned effectively till 1920. Then came
the interregnum, and again Society regained its functionality in 1932. The
Silver Jubilee of the Society was celebrated in 1936. Once again from 1944 the
fillip to its activities emanated from the support extended by then French
Government by way of finances to indulge in academic activities.
After
Pondicherry’s merger with Indian Union in 1963, it was renamed as Societe de L’
Histoire de L ‘Etat de Pondicherry. It was revived in 1972 and registered under
Societies Registration Act on 24th February 1972. It was from then
called as The Historical Society of Pondicherry. Then Governments encouraged
the Society and allocated space in the 1, Romain Rolland Street, wherefrom
Museum functioned till it was relocated to its current position. The valuable
records, books of the Library of The Historical Society of Pondicherry are
currently accommodated in the Nallam Clinic situated in Easwaran Dharmaraja
Koil Street of Pondicherry.
Frequent
searches in this library yielded good results.
[The first set of books sent by me to the
Central Institute of Classical Tamil on 21.03.2013 contains French Translations
of Tirukkural and Asarak Kovai, which are from this library.]
5. Oriental Research Institute Archives, Mysore
The
Oriental Research Institute Mysore headed by Vidwan M.Sivakkumarasamy contains
lot of palm leaf texts and manuscripts but when the time I visited, the
building was undergoing renovation and I was asked to come after 3 months.
7. Kongu Mandala Aiyvu Mayyam, Udumalaipettai
One
archives collecting everything and anything related to Kongu Naadu.
8. Romain Rolland Library Pondicherry
I
wrote in 2004 in New Indian Express on Romain Rolland Library: 177 year old
Treasure Trove. [Article in Annexure]
These
are libraries consulted so far but will have to complete other archives before
this year end. The First Tamil translations were into Portuguese, the sources
had to be searched in Kerala and Goa.
9. Bishop Caldwell Centre for Dravidian E-Resources and
University Central Library, Dravidian University Kuppam.
10. Madurai Jesuit Mission Archives at Chenbaganur,
Kodaikanal
A
place where all works of Jesuit missionaries are preserved, and since Jesuit
missionaries were the first to translate Tamil texts in European languages,
this archives assumes greater significance for all research scholars.
BOOKS READY TO BE HANDED OVER TO CICT:
COLLECTIONS SO FAR INCLUDE :
1.
Le commentaire de
Cenavaraiyar sur le Collatikaram du Tolkappiyam, sur la metalangue grammaticale
des maitres commentateurs tamouls medievaux : Jean-Luc Chevillard -1996 edition
“The first volume contains a
French translation of a commentary on the second part of Tolkappiyam, the
oldest preserved Tamil Grammar. It deals mostly with the word as a part of
speech. The seven central chapters deal with the cases and the four type of
words i.e. noun, verb, particles and proper words. The commentary probably
composed around 1300 A.D, contains a word for word paraphrase of the sutras,
examples drawn from classical literature and from ordinary language and
elaborate discussions. It constantly claims faithfulness to the Tolkappiyam,
but is largely autonomous, drawing from several linguistic, metaphysical and
logical doctrines. Although several translations of the Tolkappiyam are
available, this is the first time that one of his commentaries has been
translated.
The
second volume is a companion volume intended as a help to reading similar
texts. Its central part is an analytic glossary of all technical words and
phrases used by Cenavaraiyar while commenting on the Collatikaram, a task which
required him both to describe the Tamil Language and at same time to explain
what the author of Tolkappiyam had revealed about it.”
2. Tolkappiyam: Phonology and Morphology : English Translation by Dr.D.Albert : 1985
published by International Institute of Tamil Studies
“Translations
by R.Vasudeva Sharma [1933] ,Vadivel Pillai [ 1934 ] ,P.S.S.Sastri [ 1930-1945]
, E.S.Varadaraja Iyer [ 1948] ,Ilayaperumal and Subramania Pillai [ 1961], and
S.Ilakkuvanar [1963] suffered from a serious handicap which was nobody’s fault.
The more recent linguistic or grammar terminology was not available to them as
they are now available to this translator in 1983. The translator is shrewd
enough to seize this opportunity and he makes no secret of it” opines
Dr.S.V.Subramanian then Director of International Institute of Tamil Studies.
“ If one
looks at Tholkappiyam in the light of different systems of modern linguistics,
from Ferdinand de Saussure through Louis Hjelmslev, Bloomfield, K.L.Pike, Linguists
of Prague school, J.R.Firth to Chomsky one finds astonishingly startling facts
about the basic methodology this great grammarian has used in the theory of
language and literature and research. A
most interesting study would come out if scholars try to find out how for the
consciousness of these various schools are found in Tholkappiyam” speaks
Dr.D.Albert with pride in his book on Phonology and Morphology translation of
Tholkappiyam. This book is with me, to be submitted along with final report.
3. Narrinai : by N.Kandasamy Pillai 2008
This English
translation of a classical Tamil Sangam text by a Tamil Scholar of
multi-faceted personality adds greatness and grandeur to the impressive list of
translations of Sangam classics.
4. The Narrinai Four Hundred : by
Dr.A.Dakshinamurthy :2001
“Dr.A.Dakshinamurthy
is the first scholar to attempt a faithful translation of the Narrinai, another
Sangam anthology” opines Dr.S.Ramar Ilango, Director of International Institute
of Tamil Studies, which published this book.
5. Tirukkural:
by Veeramamunivar in Latin : Published by Veeramamunivar
Aiyvuk kazhagam, Madurai in 2004
6. Tirukkural of Tiruvalluvar
in Telugu: by Gurucharan Dutaluri Jagannadham
published by Dravidian University, Kuppam.
7. Tirukkural : Translation by
M.S.Poornalingam Pillai and edited by Dr.E.Sundaramurthy published
by International Institute of Tamil Studies in 1999.
8. The Naladiyar : Translation
by : S.Anavaratavinayagam Pillai published by
International Institute of Tamil Studies in 2000.
9. Six Long Poems from Sangam Tamil:
by N.Raghunathan published by International
Institute of Tamil Studies in 1997 .These
are English translations of Mullaipattu, Kurinchi-p-pattu, Nedunalvadai,
Pattinappalai, Perumpanarruppadai and Tirumurugarruppadai.
10. Four Long Poems from
Sangam Tamil: contains translations of V.Kandasamy
Mudaliyar of Sirupanattruppadai and Madurai
kanchi published by
International Institute of Tamil Studies in 2000.
11. Kurinchi-p-Pattu and Muttolayiram:
Translated into English by P.N.Appuswami
published in 1997.
12.Mutollayiram : Translated
by Pattu M.Bhoopathi and published by Dravidian University, Kuppam.
13. Naanaarpathu and Nanneri: Translated
by Poet Desini and published by International Institute of Tamil Studies in
2004. The Sangam classics Kaar Narpathu, Kalavazhi Naarpathu, Inna Naarpathu ,
Iniyavai Naarpathu, Nanneri are translated here.
14.Kuruntokai : Translation by
Dr.M.Shanmugam Pillai and David E.Ludden published
by International Institute of Tamil Studies in 1997.
15.Cilappatikaram : Translated
by V.R.Ramachandra Dikshitar, published by
International Institute of Tamil Studies in 1997.
16. Manimekalai : Translated
by A.Madhavan published by International Institute of
Tamil Studies in 2000.
17.Thirukkural in English by
Dr.V.Murugan published by Arivu Pathipagam in 2009.
18.Tirukkural :Righteousness :
Morals and Virtues : translated in English by
Dr.B.R.M.Subramani in 2010 by Dravidian University.
19.The Kural or The Maxims of
Tiruvalluvar : Translated by V.V.S.Iyer published by
Paavai Publications in 2007 These books
are to be handed over soon.
Books
already sent to Central Institute of Classical Tamil on 21.03.2013 by courier.
1.
French
Translation of Thirukkural by Gnanou Diagou : titled in French as :
Tirouvallouvar : Koural translation published in 1942.
2.
French
Translation of Asarakkovai by Gnanou Diagou titled in French as : Perouvayin
muolliar : Assara Kovai.
3.
Thirukkural
: Tri-Lingual Presentation :English Translation by Dr.K.Kannan and Hindi
Translation by M.G.Venkatakrishnan published in First Edition 2003, 2nd
edition 2005 and 3rd edition 2011.
4.
Thirukkural
expressed in English by K.Kannan [ First edition 2003 and 2nd
edition 2005]
5.
Le
Pattinappalai de Kadiyalur Ourouttirangannanar : by M.Gobalakichenane in 2009
6.
Cilappatigaram
d’Ilangovadigal pour les juenes by S.Madana Kalyany published in 2012.
7.
Apercus sur
Le Koural et la Bhagwad Gita by Professor Ambadi Narayanan published in 1971, a
comparative study between Thirukkural and Bhagwad Gita.
E-Books
downloaded from Internet enclosed as Annexure to this Report.
1.
Naladiyar in
Malayalam translated
by Thiruvallam Bhaskaran Nair.
2.
Naladiyar :
Translation by Reverend Father F.J.Leeper, Tranquebar published in
1873.
3.
Iraiyanar
Agapporul: The Study of Stolen Love translated by David C.Buck. This book is
given in two forms. One the Tamil and English translation is given, whereas in other
downloaded input only the English translation is available.
4.
Manimekalai’s
Renunciation : Translation by Dr.Prema Nandakumar
5.
Manimekalai
of Cittalaic Cattanar : Translated by Alan Danielou titled “ Manimekhalai : The Dancer with a Magic
Bowl”
6.
Pathuppattu
: Nedunalvadai
7.
Pathuppattu:
Mullaippattu
8.
Pathuppattu
: Mathuraikanchi
9.
Kuruntokai :
Translation by Robert Butler
10. Nedunalvadai : Translated by J.V.Chelliah
11. Mullaipattu :Translated by J.V.Chelliah
12. Selections from Ettuthokai : Translated by
P.N.Appuswami
13. Translating Thirukkural :
14. Selected Poems from Sangam Classics :
Translation by Vaidehi
15. Sangam Tamil Foreign Scholars : George L.Hart
16.
George
L.Hart : In Defence of Classical Tamil : Article by Maraimalai
Ilakkuvanar.
17.
Tholkappiyam,
the Ancient Tamil Text : Article with few translations interspersed
18. An Introduction to Thirukkural and its Author
by N.V.K.Ash raf
19. The List of Translations of Thirukkural as
provided by Wikipedia.
Other
Sources : Printed Books
1.
Thirukkural Publications History which gives
details of 490 editions of Thirukkural in Tamil.
2.
On the condensation and extension of Knowledge
: The Sutra Style in Tolkappiam Porulatikaram : By Dr.Eva Wilden
3.
11000 Years Ago Chozhs Port Poompuhar Submerged
in Seas : Net post by N.Nandhivarman, wherein dates of Sangam Kings are given
based on Narkudi Vellir Varalaru.
OLD RARE BOOKS THAT ARE CURRENTLY BEING
PHOTOGRAPHED
PRIOR TO DIGITIZATION AND LATER SUBMISSION TO CICL
M.Ariel : TIRUVALLUVAR TCHARITRA
: Paris :1847 : pages 68 : Ref ID: 1.592
B.Constantio Joseph Beschio :
TIRUKKURAL : 1843 : pages 246 : Ref ID:
1.878
Gnanou Diagou : NANMANIKADIKAI :
1951 : pages 28 : Ref ID: 1.489 bis
Gnanou Diagou : Zainas Mounivars
NALADHYAR : 1948 : pages 135 : Ref: ID : 1.1406
G.U.Pope : The Naladiyar : 1893
:pages 440 : Ref ID :1.518
Barrique : Le Livre de l’Amour :
Tirukkural : 1989 :pages 125 Ref: ID : 1.772
Tiroukoural : English : Ref : ID 1.843
V.V.S.Aiyer : KURAL or the MAXIMS
OF TIRUVALLUVAR : 1916 : pages 278 : Ref ID: 1.372
Julian Venson : SINDAMANI : Ref
ID : 1.1061
Somasundaram Pillai : FIVE TAMIL
IDYLLS OF PATHU PATTU : Bengali Translation : 1947 : pages 57 Ref:ID : 1.1439
and 1.439bis
Pa.Ve.MANICKAM NAICKER :The Tamil
Alphabet : Its Mystic Aspects : 1917 : pages 71 Ref ID 1.1340
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