Showing posts with label project madurai. Show all posts
Showing posts with label project madurai. Show all posts

Monday, August 18, 2014

Tamil Internet 2004 - Tamil IT for Tomorrow

TAMIL DIGITAL RENAISSANCE
Tamil Internet 2004 - Tamil IT for Tomorrow
7th International Tamil Internet Conference see also Tamil Internet 2004 - Official Web Site
Singapore 11-12 December 2004 
 
[ see also 7th Tamil Internet Conference, Singapore - Special Issue of Min Manjari - 
உலகத் தமிழ்த் தகவல் தொழில் நுட்ப மன்றத்தின் இதழ்]
The Singapore Communiqué [also in PDF]
The International Forum for Information Technology in Tamil (INFITT) held its seventh annual international conference, Tamil Internet 2004, on December 11 and 12, 2004 in Singapore. The series began in Singapore in 1997 and this is the third time Singapore is hosting this conference. Singapore was asked to host the conference on short notice – less than five months - and the Singapore Organizing Committee (SOC) under the leadership of Mr Arun Mahizhnan, delivered the conference on schedule. INFITT records its deep appreciation to SOC and the other two committees – the International Organising Committee (IOC) under the leadership of Mr Muthu Nedumaran and the Conference Programme Committee (CPC) under the leadership of Dr K Kalyanasundaram – which together helped organise this conference.


Mr Muthu Nedumaran, Chair, INFITT (third from left) giving the opening address at Tamil Internet 2004
Others in picture: (L to R) Mr Arun Mahizhnan, A/P Tan Tin Wee, Prof M Anandakrishnan, Prof V Sankaranarayanan, Dr K Kalyanasundaram
2 International Participation & Sponsorship
More than 60 expert delegates from countries such as India, Germany, Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Switzerland and USA participated in the conference. Representatives from various premier IT related institutions such as Anna University, Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), ICTA of Sri Lanka, Indian Institute of Science, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Tamil Virtual University, University of Pennsylvania, and National University of Singapore contributed to the deliberations of the conference. The conference also had the support of the leaders of IT industry such as Microsoft, Maxell, and Oracle as well as the Singapore government support through the Infocomm Development Authority and the Tamil Internet Steering committee, and several other local sponsors. INFITT wishes to thank all of them for their attendance and kind support.
Alternate Model
This conference has offered an alternate model for INFITT’s annual Tamil Internet Conference (TIC). Many of the earlier TICs had three hubs -- Conference, Business and Community hubs -- in order to provide interfaces for the IT experts, the business community and the public at large. Many of the TICs also had parallel sessions on multiple tracks. But Tamil Internet 2004 experimented with a new single-track format entirely focused on technical issues and it enabled extensive and in-depth discussions on those issues. The broad consensus at the end of the conference was that this was a successful experiment and could be used as an additional model for future TICs.


Tamil Internet 2004 delegates in discussion
 Conference Programme
“Tamil IT for Tomorrows” was the core theme of Tamil Internet 2004. It had seven sessions under the headings of Tools for Tamil Computing, Mobile Devices, Application Software, E-Learning, Speech Technology, Tamil Internet and Tamil Unicode. Altogether 21 technical papers were presented in these seven sessions and three special guest speakers also addressed the conference. The conference papers were produced in CD, folder and book forms for the conference participants and are also now available from the INFITT Secretariat.
The conference inaugural session was unusual in the sense it had no participation by any political leaders as it was earlier decided that this new format should be confined to the focus of the conference, which was the discussion of technical issues. Therefore, it featured only welcome and introductory remarks by the Chair of INFITT and Chair of IOC, Mr Muthu Nedumaran, the Chair of SOC, Mr Arun Mahizhnan, and the Chair of CPC, Dr Kalyanasundaram. The session also included, as in the past, the INFITT Executive Director’s annual report for the benefit of the conference participants. In addition, this year there were two other unusual features at the inaugural session. First, there was a special message for the conference from the President of India, Dr APJ Abdul Kalam, a distinct honour for the conference. He not only passed on his good wishes for the conference but also specifically suggested Tamil search engines and internet application architecture as two key areas for the consideration of the conference participants. The second feature was the INFITT resolution that expressed its deep concern over the decision of the University of Cologne on the closure of the Institute of Indology and Tamil Studies.
The inaugural session also recorded the condolences of INFITT on the demise of three Tamil IT enthusiasts -- Dr Tamizhkudimagan and Dr Pakkrisamy, both from Tamil Nadu, and Mr Ramalingam Shanmugalingam from Canada. On the first evening of the conference, a special event was held by Bharathiyarnet.com to introduce the newly established website to celebrate and propagate the work of the great Tamil poet Bharathi.
On the second evening, the conference closed with a concluding session and a briefing for the media. INFITT also held its members meeting at the end of the conference.

Presentation on Mobile Devices
(L to R) Mr S Baskaran, Mr D Sivaraj, Dr A G Ramakrishnan, Mr Niranjayan
New Initiatives
Tamil Internet 2004 discussed many new directions and initiatives as well some of the previous concerns such as the standard key board for Tamil and the migration to Unicode. Following are some of the most important conclusions and initiatives that emerged from those deliberations:
Tamil in Mobile Devices
Three approaches were discussed in the conference on using the keypads of mobile telephones for inputting Tamil messages and there was a call for some convergence in these approaches. This is an indication of the amount of work done by various groups in this area. Tamil in mobile devices is well on its way to becoming a reality very soon.
Tamil E-Commerce
Tamil based application software for an on-line book shop was demonstrated in the conference and it is expected that it would become a prototype for various other vending organisations in the web. Developed by using open source codes, this would lead to the development and localisation of various other models.
Tamil E-Books
Digitizing Tamil texts and books received a great impetus. Prof. N. Balakrishnan, of Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, a key member of the team that is leading the movement to digitising a million books in India as requested by the President of India, has offered free software, expertise and high power scanners to digitise Tamil books. Many delegates have expressed keen interest in the project.
Tamil Speech Corpus
The conference concluded that there was a clear need for a large speech corpus that would help mobile telephony and speech recognition technology and urged relevant institutions to initiate multilateral efforts to build up such a corpus.
Other
Conference deliberations have also indicted new directions for better transliteration tools and tools for migration from one encoding to another. The conference concluded that there was no need to revise the current standard Tamil99 keyboard for popular use. However, it recognised that the specifications can be improved from time to time based on end-user feedback.
The conference could not come to any firm conclusion on the need for an alternate 16 bit scheme to Tamil Unicode, though a whole session was devoted to this topic. It was decided that further discussions were needed on this subject.


Call for Papers - Announcement by Dr.K. Kalyanasundaram
Chair, Conference Programme Committee
 (Email: ti2004-cpc@infitt.org)
Tamil Internet 2004 is organised by the International Forum for Information Technology in Tamil (INFITT) with the support of Singapore's Tamil Internet Steering Committee and other organisations. It will be held at the National University of  Singapore premises.
A Conference Programme Committee (CPC) has been formed with Dr. K. Kalyanasundaram of Switzerland as the Chair, Mr. Arun Mahizhnan of Singapore as Vice-Chair and Mr. N. Maalan (India), Mr. A. Elangovan (India), Mr. D. Sivaraj (India), Dr. Vasu Renganathan (USA) as members), to deal with paper submission and scheduling of the conference content.
Prof. V. Sankaranarayanan, Director of Tamil Virtual University, Chennai, has agreed to serve as Advisor to the CPC for Tamil Internet 2004.
In contrast to multi-hub, large audience format of earlier Tamil Internet Conferences (TICs), Tamil Internet 2004 will be an intensive, focused technical conference with only one session scheduled at a time. More time will be devoted to in-depth collective discussions (workshop style) than in formal presentations.
"Tamil IT for Tomorrow " has been chosen as the theme for the Tamil Internet 2004 conference. We invite technical papers on all topics relating Tamil Information Technology. The deadline for paper abstracts is 16 September and for the full paper, November 16. There will be a peer review of the submitted papers before acceptance. The abstract should be detailed enough for CPC to make a decision on acceptance. After the review, successful candidates will be informed before end September.
To assist the CPC select papers for formal presentations, please send us one or two pages (A4 size) of the abstract of your presentation by the above date. Papers may be presented in English, Tamil or bilingual (Tamil-English) format. As with the earlier TICs, all submissions must be in electronic form.
For papers with content in Tamil or are bilingual, please use either TAB or TSCII (version 1.7) encoding. Characters that are not part of the encoding prescribed must be included as images (jpg/gif). The outline/summary of your presentation should also include your full name, designation, address, email and contact numbers.
We assume that submission of a paper for possible presentation at Tamil Internet 2004 implies attendance at the conference and presentation in person by at least one author of the paper. The Singapore organizers have offered to provide free boarding and lodging, free conference registration to one author of each paper accepted for oral presentation.
As in the past, papers presented in the conference will be archived, printed and distributed as INFITT sees fit and INFITT will retain the rights for these purposes.
Please send in the abstract of your presentation to the mailbox <ti2004-cpc@infitt.org>  as soon as possible.
We would appreciate very much if you take note of the deadlines and adhere to them: Abstracts by 16 September - Full paper by 16 November
We greatly look forward to your co-operation and active participation at the forthcoming Tamil Internet 2004 Conference.
The following is a list of topics (not exhaustive) to be covered at the Tamil Internet 2004 Conference:
1. Tamil Character Encoding Standards
• Focus on 16bit schemes, status of Unicode, platform and application level support
• Issues on Collation, supporting a sort-order
• 8bit to 16bit Migration issues: conversion and coexistence of application and data
• Tamil99 keyboard for Unicode input
2. Multilingual Domain Names
• Discussion on multi-lingual domain names and email addresses with a focus on Tamil
• Technical sessions on architecture, dependencies, encoding and implementation issues
• General discussion on usage, take-up rate and INFITT's role in promoting usage
3. Tamil in Indic language cluster and multi-lingual environments
• Classification of scripts (Alphabetic, Ideographic and Syllabic) & multi-script/multilingual environments
• Co-existence with "Indic" family of scripts/languages – Operating Systems and Application issues
• Co-existence with other syllabic and ideographic scripts, Chinese and Arabic in particular
4. Tamil Optical Character Recognition, Machine Translation, Spell Checking and Speech Recognition
• Current initiatives and progress over the last 5 years
• "Red-flag" (problem) areas and bottle necks
• Technological and linguistic dependencies
• Parallel initiatives: compare and contrast development in other languages besides English
• Proposed solutions
5. Mobile and hand-held technologies
• Development tools and libraries for mobile and wireless devices: phones, PDAs etc.
• Issues with implementing Tamil at platform and application levels
• Tamil input standards for mobile phone keypads
• Hand-writing recognition (graffiti) – considerations for Tamil script
• Character encoding for internal representation and data exchange
6. Open source software and Tamil localisation
• Tamil open-source initiatives: Tamil-Linux, Tamil-OO.o, Tamil- Mozilla etc.
• Translation and localisation issues: glossary, locale settings (Tamil-India, Tamil-Sri Lanka, Tamil-Singapore, Tamil-Malaysia etc)
• Tools and technologies for localisation
• Future projects
7. Education Technology
• Compare and contrast use of technology in other language areas: English, Hindi, Sinhala, Chinese, Arabic, Malay, etc
• Identify requirements specific to Tamil
• Demonstrate existing applications and propose areas for improvements
8. Database driven applications
• General purpose business applications
• Tamil locale handling in 16bit enabled databases
• Implementing sort-order
• Application specific issues: Web (blogs, portals, ezines, messaging, ecommerce), Fat-Client (desktop centric)
9. E-Government
• Challenges and prospects for introducing E-Government
• Issues of privacy and security
• Issues of multilingualism
• Multilingual Archival Systems, Multilingual PDF forms creation and filling 

Tamil Internet 2003

TAMIL DIGITAL RENAISSANCE
Tamil Internet 2003
IT for Education in TamilTamilNet'99
Chennai, Tamil Nadu
22 - 24 August 2003
 
 
Papers Presented/Submitted
1.ஆய்வு நோக்கில் கணினி உதவியுடன் அகராதி உருவாக்கும் அகரவரிசைப்படுத்தமும் - முனைவர்  வா.மு.சே.ஆண்டவர்
2.தமிழ் இணைய அகராதி - கோ.பழனிராஜன், த.தினகரன், இரஞ்சனி பார்த்தசாரதி, தே.வே.கீதா
3.An Approach to Tamil-Malayalam Machine Translation - Dr. Radha Chellappan
4.Tamil Spell Checker  - T Dhanabalan, Ranjani Parthasarathi and T.V. Geetha .
5.Syntactic Parser for Tamil - K. Saravanan, Ranjani Parthasarathi and T.V. Geetha
6.Tamil Text Analyser - K. Rajan, Dr. M. Ganesan and Mr. V. Ramalingam
7.A Complete OCR System Development of Tamil Magazine Documents - K.H. Aparna and V.S. Chakravarthy..
8.பலமொழி ஒளிவகை எழுத்து உணரியை வடிவமைப்பில் உள்ள சிக்கல்கள் - முனைவர் வெ கிருஷ்ணமூர்த்தி
9.PAARVAI - Book Reader for the Blind - A G Ramakrishnan, Ashwini C M, Jayavardhana Rama and G Sita
10.Internationalization of the Domain Name System: The Next Big Step in a Multilingual Internet - Tan Tin Wee and S. Maniam
11.Tamil Search Engine - J. Deepa Devi, Ranjani Parthasarathi and T.V. Geetha.
12.MINPURAA - A Truly Multilingual E-mail System Based on PANDITHAM - P. Navaneethan, J. Ramesh, N. Pradeep, Sudhir Sharma, Selvaraj, and T. Madan Kumar.
13.THIRAVIYAM - A Sales Management System in Tamil Using PANDITHAM - P. Navaneethan, J. Ramesh, Giragadurai and C. Satheesh Kumar
14.POONGKUZHALI - An Intelligent Tamil Chatterbot - Kalaiyarasi, Ranjani Parthasarathi and T.V. Geetha..
15.An Overview of "Swaram" - A Language for Programming in Tamil 
S.G. Ganesh, G.R. Prakash and K.K. Ravi Kumar
16.Pytham - Python Pre-Processor Utility - R. Ganesh Kumar
17.A Proposal for the Digital Encoding of Palm Leaf Tamil Manuscripts - Dr. Jean-Luc Chevillard
18.தமிழ் முதுசொம் காப்பகம் - தோற்றம், வளர்ச்சி, நீட்சி! - முனைவர் நா.கண்ணன், சுபாஷினி கனகசுந்தரம்
19.Context Free Grammar for Natural Language constructs - An implementation for Venpa class of Tamil Poetry - Bala Sundara Raman L, Ishwar S, and Sanjeeth Kumar Ravindranath.
20.Implementation of Kurunthogai Using Multimedia and Web Technology - Elanttamil Maruthai
21.தமிழ்க் கணனி: சில சிந்தனைகள் - எஸ். ரங்கராஜன் (சுஜாதா)
22.Software Localisation Process and Issues - N. Anbarasan...
23.A Tool for Document Visualization - S. Chithirapoovizhi, Ranjani Parthasarathi and T.V. Geetha.
24.இணையவழித் தமிழ்க் கல்வி -  முனைவர் மு.பொன்னவைக்கோ
25.Tamil IT for Education: Tamil Language Website: CHIJ (Kellock) School - Miss Thanaselvi Krishnan.
26.Effective use of Multimedia for Teaching Languages to Adult Illiterates - A Case Study in Tamil - Dr. M.V. Ananthakrishnan, Rama Mahalingam and M Somasundaram.
27.Use of Interactive Media for Language Learning - A. Rajmohan.
28.Tamil Language Teaching Through E-learning - a Conceptual Framework
T. Kingston.
29.இணையத்தில் கற்றல் - இராபிள்ஸ் கல்வி நிலையம் - வே.ஜெயகுமார், நா.கல்யாணி
30.Multimedia Chemistry in Tamil for 10th Standard Students
T.V.Geetha and Ranjani Parthasarathy...
31.A Scenario-Based Learning Approach to Teach K-12 Math in Tamil - Jawaharlal Mariappan, Ph.D., Bob Elmore, Ph.D., Gary Hays, Babu Aharam and Rita Jawaharlal.
32.இணைய வினாவிளக்கத்தின் வாயிலாகத் தமிழ் மொழி கற்பித்தல் - டாக்டர் சீதாலட்சுமி
33.தகவல் தொழில்நுட்பத் தமிழ்க் கலைச்சொற்களைத் தரப்படுத்துதல் -  மு.சிவலிங்கம்
34.தமிழக மானவர்களுக்குக் கணினிக் கல்வி - டாக்டர் இரா விஜ்ய்ராகவன்
35.கலைச் சொல்லாக்கமும் சில சிக்கல்களும் - II - மா.ஆண்டோ பீட்டர், மு.சிவலிங்கம்
36.செம்மொழியென இணையத்திலும் தமிழ்... ஐ.Phillips
37.Teaching Tamil Using ICT in the UK - a Prospective Study - Mr. Siva Pillai.
38.தமிழக கல்வித் திட்டத்தில் டிஜிட்டல் கிராமப் பள்ளி Smart School  கல்விமுறை அறிமுகம் - சுபாஷினி கனகசுந்தரம்
39.நிறைவான கற்றல் கற்பித்தலுக்குப் பல்லூடத்தின் பங்கு - முனைவர் நெடுமாறன்
40.சிங்கப்பூரில் 'சுயகற்றல்' முறை - திருமதி குமுதவல்லி ராஜன்
41The Role of Interacting in Developing Language Skills Through Multimedia- Dr. L. Ramamoorthy...
42Producing Second Language Teaching Materials in Tamil for Net - Format, Problems and Solutions - Dr Sam Mohan Lal and M. Venkatesan
43Developing Educational Software Within Application Software - N. Anbarasan..
44இணையம்வழிக் கற்றலுக்கான த்மிழ் மொழிப் பாடங்களைத் த்ஹ்யாரிப்பது எளிது' - ஒரு செயல்முறை விளக்கம் - இர. கலைமணி
45தமிழ் வளர்ச்சியில் தொலைதூரக் கல்வி மற்றும் இணையமப் பல்களைக்கழகங்கள் எதிர்நோக்கும் பிரச்சனைகள் - ம.வெ. இராம்ச்சந்திரா
46மொழியியற் பார்வையில் தமிழ்க் குறியேற்றங்களுக்கான் ஒரு முன்னீடு - முனைவர் இராம.கி.
47Rationalisation in Tamiz ezuttu niral: An Agenda to Minimise Number of Glyphs Used in Tamiz Syllabary - N D Logasundaram..
48Digital Media Trends: Tamil DOI Server - The Vital Link?- AC Ganesh, M Tamizhchelvan and R Manikandan.
49Role of Multimedia Games in Tamil Teaching / Learning - Dr. M. Ganesan..
50Chennai and Videoconferencing: Videoconferencing for Performing, Teaching, and Discussing Tamil Language and Performing Arts - Eric Miller
51பார்வையற்றோருக்கான் தமிழ்க் கணினி மேம்பாட்டுத் திட்டம் - முனைவர் அர.ஜெயச்சந்திரன்
52பல்லூடகத் தமிழ் கற்பித்தல் மென்பொருள்கள் குறித்த மதிப்பீடு - முனைவர் த.பரசுராமன்
53Tholkaappiyam Reviewed - Dr. Kodumudi Shanmugan.
54தமிழ் எழுத்து சீர்மைப்பு - டாக்டர் வா.செ.குழந்தைசாமி
55கணினியில் தமிழ் - முனைவர் பக்கிரிசாமி
56தமிழ் எழுத்து சீர்மை - ஆவரங்கால் சின்னத்துரை ஸ்ரீவாஸ்
57"பாநயம் கண்டறிதல்" - ஒரு பல்லூடகத் தொகுப்பு - வி.கணபதி, டி.வி. கீதா, ரஞ்சனி பார்த்தசாரதி
58E-governance: Tackling the Hurdles - N Jayaradha and CK Shanthakumar..
 

TAMIL DIGITAL RENAISSANCE Tamil Internet 2001

TAMIL DIGITAL RENAISSANCE
Tamil Internet 2001

TamilNet'99

Pathways to Progress
Putra World Trade Center, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia,
26-28 August 2001
Papers Presented/Submitted
Tamil Teaching through Information Technology
Dr. Mullai Ramaiah & Sudandara S. Nathan, Kuala Lampur, Malaysia - Factors that impact on the use of computers in teaching/learning in Tamil Schools
குணசேகரன் கந்தசாமி - தமிழ்ப்பள்ளிகளில் கணினி மைய உருவாக்கமும் கல்வி வளர்ச்சியில் அதன் பங்கும்
K.Uthaman . M.A., M. Phil.,Med. - இணையத் தளங்களைப் பயன்படுத்தித் தமிழ் கற்பித்தல் - ஒரு பார்வை
Manonmani Mookaiah, R Bawani, S Ravindran - சிங்கையில் தமிழை இரண்டாம் மொழியாகக் கற்பிக்கும் உயர்நிலைப்பள்ளித் தமிழாசிரியர்களுக்குத் தகவல் தொழில்நுட்பப் பயிற்சி
Thiagarajan Bhoopathey -  Teaching of Tamil Through computers in Primary Schools in Singapore
K. Sivagurunatha Pillai - Multimedia : a developing trend in language teaching
டாக்டர் இரா. பக்கிரிசாமி - இணைய பல்கலைக்கழகமூலம் தமிழ் கற்பித்தல் - Teaching Methodology in Tamil Inaiya Virtual University
Ms.Subashini Kanagasundaram - டிஜிட்டல் கிராமத்தில் டிஜிட்டல் கல்வி முறை - Digital Learning in Digital Village
Dr. M.V. Ramachandra - Multimedia based Tamil Teaching - advantages and problems
Prof.S.Jean Lawrence - Material Production For Multimedia Package
M. P. Premkumar - Tamil Kalam - Teaching Tamil over the Web
Dr.P.Vanchinathan -  Yapparinjan: a software for parsing  Thamizh verses and classifying its elements
Dr. Kodumudi Shanmugam - Tamil Script and Students
N. Nadaraja Pillai - A Bridge too far : functional grammar and Traditional grammar in school Education
Tamil Implementation in Unicode
Michael Kaplan & Cathy Wissink - Issues in Indic Language Collation
T.N.C. Venkata Rangan and Satheesh, Vishwak Associates, Chennai - XML and Tamil text processing with Unicode
M.R.K. Murthy Raju - Why Unicode?
Tamil Script Forms for Tamil Computing
சு. சீனிவாசன், அ. ஜேம்ஸ் & எஸ். அனந்தநாராயணன், கே.ஆர்.எஸ். நாராயணன் - தமிழ்க் கணிப்பில் மறைந்துள்ள சில சிக்கல்களும் சவால்களும் - Hidden problems and challenges in Tamil Computing
Dr. R. பக்கிரிசாமி - தமிழ் எழுத்துக்களின் சூட்மமும் கணினியும் - Features of tamil scripts and their relation to computers
N. Anbarasan -  Difficulties in learning Tamil : irregularities in the Tamil scripts
N.D. Logasundaram - Reform of script forms in Tamil Alphabet
Tamil Optical Character Recognition
Aparna K G & A G Ramakrishnan -  Tamil GNANI- an OCR for windows
D Dhanya and A G Ramakrishnan - Simultaneous Recognition of Tamil and Roman Scripts
Dr V Krishnamoorthy - On Developing OCR Software for Tamil
Glossary of Technical Terms in Tamil
Anto Peter - கலைச்சொல்லாக்க உத்திகள் தகவல் தொழில்நுட்பக் கலைச் சொல்லாக்கக் குழு
பெ.சந்திரசேகரன் - கலைச்சொல் ஆக்க உத்திகள்
Dr. P. Chandra Bose - Standardisation of Technical Terms in Tamil
Speech Synthesis in Tamil
G. L. Jayavardhana Rama, A. G. Ramakrishnan, Vijay Venkatesh and R. Murali Shankar - Thirukkural - A Text-to-Speech Synthesis System
R. Murali Shankar and A. G. Ramakrishnan - Human Touch to Tamil Speech Synthesizer
Building Cyber Communities
Tan Tin Wee, James Seng , and S.Maniam -  Internationalization of the Domain Name System: The Next Big Step in a Multilingual Internet
Mr. Rangarajan and N. Jayaradha -  Problems encountered in searching in Tamil on the Internet: a suggestion for a versatile search engine
M.V. Ramachandra - இணையத் தமிழ் வலைத்தளங்களும், அவற்றின் எதிர்காலமும் - Tamil Portal Sites on Internet and their future
Kamini Anthonysamy - Mobile Internet Unit (MIU) - A Mobile Multimedia Cyber Learning Station
C.M. Elanttamil & Dr. N. Selvanathan - Towards the development of a Holistic Malaysian Indian Cyber Community
M.R.K. Murthy Raju - Multilingual Web applications using PHP
அப்பணசாமி - இணையத்தில் தமிழ்த் தளங்கள் - ஒரு சுய பரிசீலனை
Computer Resource Management
மா.ஆண்டோ பீட்டர் - தமிழ் இணையங்கள் அமைப்பதற்கான வழிமுறைகள்
Dr. N. Kannan - இ - சுவடி மின்னோலை பதிப்பு, பாதுகாப்பு, மின்னாடல் - electronic digital version of a Palmleaf manuscript)
முனைவர் கு. பகவதி, முனைவர் செ. ஜீன் லாறன்ஸ - தமிழியல் ஆவணம்
Tamil Computing Technology - Tools
P. Anandan, Dr. Ranjani Parthasarathy & Dr. T.V. Geetha - Morphological Generator for Tamil
Dr. Vasu Renganathan -  Development of Morphological Tagger for Tamil
S. Subramanian and K.M. Ganesh - Study and Implementation of a Tamil Text-to-Speech Engine
Ramasamy Duraipandi -  Global Encoding Convertor
Prof. Harold F. Schiffman & Dr. Vasu Renganathan - An Electronic English-Tamil Dictionary
Ravindran K. Paul - Analysis of relative merits of Tamil99 and Thunaivan Keyboard layouts in a Malaysian context
Tamil Text Processing
S. Hirschhorn and S. Senthilnathan - Intelligent Text Input and Superior Display on Information Appliances: Asia- Pacific Region
Tamil Implementation in Different Platforms
R. Kalaimani - Tamil in Palmtop computers - an introduction
M. Thulukkanam - Java-based Tamil User Interface for Mobile Devices
Ramasamy Duraipandi - Role of ActiveX in Tamil Computing

Sunday, August 17, 2014

Tamil Internet 2000 : Directions to the Digital World

Tamil Internet 2000
Directions to the Digital World

Singapore 22-24 July 2000
Bringing Tamil Literature Online:
Status report on Project Madurai

[see also Introduction to Project Madurai]
Kumar Mallikarjunan, Biological Systems Engineering Department Virginia Polytechnic Inst. & State University Blacksburg, VA, U.S.A. and K. Kalyanasundaram, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland

Abstract: Electronic versions of printed texts (abbreviated as ETexts) of ancient literary works are important pedagogic and scholarly resources. Stored in easily accessible archives, they permit preservation and wider distribution of ancient literary works around the globe through the means of Internet. Etexts of literary works also allow quick search for phrases, words, and combinations of words in any literary work.

"Project Madurai", an open and voluntary initiative, was started from January 1998 to collect and publish free electronic editions of ancient Tarnil literary classics. Most of the released works have been typed-in by volunteers around the world. Archival of the Etext is being done in one of the most readily accessible formats (Plain text, web pages and PDF files) for use on all popular computer platforms. Anyone located anywhere may download a copy for personal use or read what we publish on the Internet, free of charge. Major emphasis is given to produce Etexts of the Tamil Literary classics in native Tamil script.

Volunteers around the world coordinate the project; most of them have the Project Madurai as their hobby. Currently we have 200 volunteers. Up to date, we have released about 200 works totaling around 8000 pages. Various issues related to this grand project were presented in this paper.

Introduction
Electronic versions of printed texts (abbreviated as Etexts) of ancient literary works are important pedagogic and scholarly resources. Stored in easily accessible archives, they permit preservation and wider distribution of ancient literary works around the globe through the means of Internet. Etexts of literary works also allow quick search for phrases, words, and combinations of words in any literary work.

Several etext archiving projects have been taking place world wide particularly in the last five years. There are already a handful of etext archiving projects of Tamil works, some by major universities:

O University of Cologne, Germany 
O University of California, Berkeley
O Institute of Asian Studies, Chennai
O National University of Singapore and International Institute of Tamil Studies

And by a handful of individuals:

O Dr. Thomas Malten and colleagues at the Institute of Indology and Tamil Studies (IITS) of the University of Cologne, Germany have already made phenomenal progress in electronic archiving of Tamil literary works and have the most extensive collection of electronic texts in Tamil in transliterated format ever made. A few of these works are available in entire form for download. The gopher server at IITS does provide word search for a large number of early Tamil literature (Sangam and post-Sangam period).

O Dr. Parthasarathy Dileepan of Tennesse, USA enlisted the assistance of volunteers through the newsgroup soc.culture.tamil and has produced the transliterated etext version of the entire Nalayira Divya Prabhandam .

O Mani Varadarajan has a Web page devoted to Vaishnavism. Etexts (transliterated/roman) of a number of vaishnavaite literary works are available there.

O English translation of thirukuRaL The Tamil Web page of Janahan provides a pointer to English translation of thirukuRaL produced by the Himalayan Academy.

O Siddharth Ramachandramurthi has a Web page where the entire thirukuRaL work is displayed in the form of GIF images. The Web page allows word check on the entire thirukuRaL.

O Ganesh Subramanian has put up web pages devoted to Saiva Siddhantha wherein he is trying to provide transliterated (ITRANS) version of various thirumarais on line.

O The story related to and the transliterated version of Abirami Andadhi (keyed in by Mrs. Vijayalakshmi Mallikarjunan) and songs of Papanasam Sivan are available at the Web page put out by Mallikarjunans.

Through postings in the soc.culture.tamil (Usenet), tamil@tamil.net  (email discussion list) and webmasters list, many expressed the desire to start similar projects, targeting ancient Tamil literary classics. Based on interests through the mailing lists tamil@tamil.net  and webmasters@tamil.net , the idea for one grand project emerged.
The goals of the project were to coordinate scattered activities such as mentioned above. With like-minded persons expressing interest, the "Project Madurai", an open and voluntary initiative, to collect and publish free electronic editions of ancient Tamil literary classics, officially took off on Pongal (Tamil New Year) day of January 14, 1998. Since its inception, Project Madurai has been working hard to bring many Tamil classics to digital world.

In this paper, authors will attempt to give a brief overview of issues related to building digital collections of Tamil works and status report on Project Madurai activities.

Building Digital Collections of Tamil Works World Wide

In building digital collections of Tamil works, various organisations and individuals have attempted (look at the partial list given in the previous section) to use variety of approaches including encoding, presentation format and duplication of efforts. These are some major issues that need to be addressed in any present or future efforts by the international body interested in building digital or virtual library.

Encoding Format:

Currently, the digital collections available through Internet resources (gopher, web and FTP servers) use varying degrees of encoding standards. They include, bud not limited to, Mylai, Adhawin, Tamilnet, WebTamil, Amutham, Murasu and etc. With the improvement in information technologies in delivering various font faces, newer encoding systems are mushrooming up every day.

In order to bring the digital collections for good uses like research, retrieval and searching, encoding format options should be limited to one or two standards. Glyph based encoding standards like TAB/TAM or TSCII, character-based encoding standards like Unicode. There is an increasing popularity for Unicode based fonts due to the adaptation of this in Macintosh and Microsoft (Windows 3.xx195/98/NT) platforms. Text converters are available to go between these formats. These converters should also provide support for standard Romanized transliteration schemes as well.

Presentation, Distribution and Archiving Formats:

With recent advances in browser technology, presenting Tamil texts in GIF images have phased out and on line documents are using many different techniques to present the Tamil. Web versions based on HTML using FONT FACE definitions have been used widely since HTML 3.0. This limited the presentation on line due to the need of the specific font face in the client's computers.

After HTML 4.0, newer ways of presenting the text (e.g. using META tags, or using cascade style sheet or CSS specifications) have been explored. The use of META tags or Style Sheets helped the use of set of fonts (FONT families) that use a specific encoding (e.g. TAB or TSCII). With this, the recent developed standards could be used widely. Still, this method requires the font files in the clientess computer. However, the user could use the font of his choice to view the files.

Recently, dynamic font rendering techniques have been explored due to its advantage of not needing the specific font file in the client's computer. Newer developments including extensible markup language (XML), wireless markup language (WML), user interface markup language (UIML), many other alternatives are being sought for presenting Tamil documents on line.

Distribution of etext files as plain text (either in Tamil or as Romanized transliterated) has been practiced by many services including Project Madurai. However, with the need for distributing the digital works as formatted, available options are as web pages or as Adobe Acrobat portable document format (PDF) files. use of PDF files can be more useful due to lack of dependence of specific font files in the client computers, and incorporation hypertext and search capabilities in the PDF files.

Searching:

Currently, very iimited search engines (bilingual) exist to locate the availability of a given work as etext and also to locate specific words or word sequences in archived texts due to the lack of standards or adopting such standards. Recent developments in encoding standards (TSCII and TAB/TAM) would provide opportunities for such search engines for extensive Tamil literature available on line.

Duplication and Reproduction:

The major problem that exists today with building digital collections is lack of coordination or collaboration among various organizations. Due to this many works have been duplicated at many places. To overcome duplication efforts, a fixed collaboration mechanism for regular exchange of information on etext collections should be made by different efforts. Reproduction of etexts from collections of one project elsewhere and in other projects and also in various websites should be critically addressed.
Project Madurai coordinators have been approached by many profit organizations to reproduce the content in their sites. With the goal of providing the services free of charge, we have kept our promise by not letting profit organisation to reproduce the contents of Project Madurai. However, we have not ruled out for a central database (or links) for different worldwide-scattered efforts by agencies such as INFITT.

Yet another issue regarding building digital documents is copyright. In relation to ancient works published in the recent days, the questions on who hold the copyright and for what? remains to be solved. In many instances, it is assumed that the publishers of today can claim copyright for explanations and presentation format, but not for the old Tamil literature. However, when considering developmental works in bringing old Tamil literature in palm leaves to digital world, the copyright should be given to the persons responsible for deciphering the palm leaves. It still remains controversial and an international body along with respective governments should mediate in these situations and formulate some standards.

Status of Project Madurai

Since its inception, Project Madurai has more than 200 works totaling more than 8000 pages. Most of the released works have been typed-in by volunteers around the world. Archival of the Etext is being done in one of the most readily accessible formats (Plain text, web pages and PDF files) for use on all popular computer platforms. Anyone located anywhere may download a copy for personal use or read what we publish on the Internet, free of charge. Major emphasis is given to produce Etexts of the Tarnil Literary classics in native Tamil script.

Scope:
Scope of coverage include ancient and modern times, works of all religions/faiths (Hindu: Caivaite and Vaishnavaite; Christian, Islam, and Jain). on the choice of works, the main criteria would be honoring of copyright protection given to authors. Even though the copyright rules vary from country to country, in most of the etext archiving projects, elapse of at least 50-70 years after the death of the author is considered a safe criterion. So, as a rule of thump, Project Madurai considers works of authors who died before 1929. Hence is the tilt for archiving ancient Tamil literary classics.

The second main reason for going for ancient literature is that they are out of print and hence stand the risk of getting lost to the world. 20th century Tamil literature is largely dominated by novels and associated decrease in the sale of printed copies of ancient literary works covering other domains. Key publishing houses such as Saiva Siddhantha Trust have dropped several of their projected reprinting of classics for lack of market. Few university libraries have copies that were printed in twenties or thirties. In the absence of adequate storage facilities these works are being eaten away by insects. Tamil language has a rich heritage dating to several thousand years.
We all have a moral obligation to ensure that the future Generations do have access to this rich treasure, possibly via better means of archival and world wide distribution. Having said this, any ancient literary work for which we can find a hard/printed copy and importantly volunteers to key-in the text can be considered for inclusion in the archives.
As regards to modern literary works, they can be included provided the concerned author (or their legal heirs) is prepared to give explicit written consent for the work to be put up in electronic form and for unrestricted, free distribution on the internet (e.g. yogi Sudhdhanatha Bharathi, Vairamuthu, Uthayanan). In addition, modern works of Sri Lankan Tamil authors have been included. Through special arrangements with the nearest kins, Tamilnadu Govt. has placed "in public domain" the works of select Tamil authors of 20th C - Bharathiyar, Bharathidaasan, Armadurai, Namakkal kavingar Ramalingam pillai and few others. Hence these works are included in the project.

Volunteers

Project Madurai is based on voluntary cooperation between many people in several countries. Currently, the project has about 200 volunteers from countries including, but not limited to, United States of America, Canada, Switzerland, Germany, England, Japan, Singapore, Malaysia, Australia, New Zealand and India.

Modus Operandi for Preparation and Proof-reading of Etexts
Volunteers interested in a particular work are given the hard copies of the work. They work with regional volunteers and project leaders. Proof reading of the texts was done preferably by another group of volunteers. The etext files carry explicitly in the header part the person(s) actually involved in the keying in of the text and also the person(s) involved in the proof reading part. If possible the header also indicates the hard copy details (publisher, year etc) used as a reference for proof-reading/editing.

Font Encoding Used
The project is committed to using the Tamil Standard Code for Information Interchange (TSCII) as the encoding format for the archives. The reasons for limiting the choice to TSCII are:
(a) Over 90% of the Tamils worldwide use one of these; (b) fonts are available free for use on all of the three major computer platforms - Windows, Macintosh and Unix. Anyone who uses these computers can work in all of these formats; and (c) Convertors are available that work reliably to go between many other font formats to TSCII. The goal is to let the volunteers work in the environment (font and computer system) he/she feels comfortable with. Very minimal constraints if any will be imposed on the volunteers who will do the major task of keying in of texts.
Associated Mailing List

    A mailing list exists as a forum to discuss related issues and all the volunteers involved with Project Maduari are members of this mailing list. Issues related to software for inputting, selection of work, locating volunteers interested in a particular work are addressed in the mailing list.

Conclusions
    In conclusion, the authors would like to address various issues related to building digital collections of Tamil literary works including font encoding, presentation and distribution formats, duplication and reproduction and copyright in this International forum. The authors propose to have an international body like INFITT to coordinate various efforts to address the above-mentioned issues. The authors provided the status of a grand project 'Project Madurai' and how it addressed many of the issues.

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